Saving in an IRA is a good thing. But stashing away too much in a single year can get you in trouble. Put more money into an IRA than the annual contribution limit, and Uncle Sam will sock you with a 6% penalty each year until the extra money is taken out.
Those most likely to run into the penalty are workers who earn too little to contribute the legal maximum -- and, for Roth IRAs, those who have too much income. Also, new
Taxpayers younger than 50 can stash up to
But you can't put more in an IRA than you earn from a job. "The amount is actually capped to your earnings," says
Those with higher incomes who contribute to Roth IRAs also can run into trouble. Roth eligibility in 2015 phases out for joint filers as modified adjusted gross income rises between
Workers who are past typical retirement age could unintentionally make excess contributions, too. While workers of any age can contribute to a Roth IRA, workers can no longer contribute to a traditional IRA starting in the year they reach age 70 1/2. Contributions to a traditional IRA past this age cutoff are considered excess.
The new
Stashing Away Too Much
Because the 6% penalty racks up every year the problem goes unresolved, it's important to address the issue quickly. "The longer you wait, the worse it gets," Levine says. But you do have a couple of options to fix the problem, particularly if you catch it early.
You can avoid the 6% penalty if you withdraw the excess contribution, plus its earnings, by the due date of your tax return, including extensions. However, you must pay ordinary income tax on the earnings. And if you are younger than 59 1/2, you must pay the early-withdrawal penalty of 10%.
Say an account holder had a 2014 excess contribution of
If the investment declined, there's a silver lining: "If the value goes down, there's no tax penalty," says
In some cases, it may make sense just to pay the 6% penalty. For instance, the younger taxpayer above would owe a
The taxpayer can withdraw the excess amount or leave it in the IRA. If he wants to withdraw the extra money, the taxpayer must do so by
Comment by clicking here.
Rachel L. Sheedy is Managing Editor at Kiplinger's Retirement Report.