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Hofman: The former president of the International Association of Culinary Professionals, whose members included the likes of Julia Child, is back with contemporary Shavous cuisine: Ruby Fruit Soup, Sweet Noodle Kugel with Cheese, Key Lime Curd, Calsone Casserole Frittata with Wild Mushrooms, Sun-dried tomatoes and Olives, Baked Tilapia with Pepper Cheese Cream and Brown Sugar Shortbread May 24, 2012 Jeff Jacoby: The peace process battered Israel's reputation Near-nuclear nation threatens to walk out of summit unless it gets its way Clifford D. May: What Iran's Rulers Want Michael Muskal: 'Pro-choice' position hits record low, according to poll Chris Farrell: Are We in a Tech Bubble? 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Jewish World Review April 19, 2005 / 10 Nisan, 5765 Meaning and origin of ‘au pair’; ‘the buck stops here’; ‘asunder,’? By Editors of Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, Tenth Edition http://www.JewishWorldReview.com | Dear Editor: I would like to know the origin of the term ‘au pair’ to describe a person, usually a young woman, hired to care for children. I see it often but have never seen an explanation. —J.C., Goshen, Vt. Dear J.C.: ‘Au pair’ entered English as a noun just within the last 50 years. The term wasn't unknown before that, but its occasional earlier use by English speakers in the 19th century and in the early part of the 20th century was as an adjectival or adverbial phrase, as in ‘She is seeking a position au pair,’ which closely reflects the original French use. In French the phrase means literally ‘at par,’ but it might be best translated as ‘on equal terms.’ (The French word ‘pair’ is ultimately derived from Latin ‘par,’ meaning ‘equal.’) This is in reference to the reciprocal arrangement under which an au pair is usually engaged. Nowadays, an au pair works for a family in return for room and board and a small salary, but in the past there were other types of au pair arrangements as well, such as an English girl's exchange of foreign language classes for teaching English at a French school. Some au pair exchanges may even have involved two families whose daughters exchanged places for a short time to learn each other's language. However, though some have interpreted it so, there's no evidence that ‘pair’ was ever intended to mean ‘equal’ in the sense of equal treatment as a member of a family. ‘Au pair’ became an English noun when the British picked up the Continental au pair system to supply their homes with affordable domestic help after World War II. Foreign girls were willing to work for no more than room and board and pocket money since the arrangements gave them an opportunity to learn English. Just as in England, ‘au pair’ in the United States usually refers to a young foreign woman. While adopting ‘au pair,’ we've also picked up on the British term ‘nanny’ to use for a usually older woman, whether foreign or American, who has similar duties but whose job specifically involves child care. An au pair isn't necessarily in charge of children, though in the United States she frequently is. Dear Editor: Would you please explain the meaning and origin of the popular phrase ‘the buck stops here’? — R.M., Jamesburg, N.J. Dear R.M.: President Harry S. Truman is to be given credit for originating this expression. Truman proudly displayed a hand-lettered sign on his desk which read ‘the buck stops here.’ There is no indication that the saying existed before then. Of course, it is a direct reference to the much older phrase ‘pass the buck,’ which goes back to the Civil War era. The ‘buck’ in this expression was an object in the game of poker that was passed from one player to another as a reminder where the next deal would fall. The term may have come from the practice of using a pocketknife with a buckhorn handle for the purpose. More likely, however, it derives from the buckshot or bucktail used as a marker by 19th-century poker players. In any event, the phrase ‘pass the buck’ is still used to mean ‘to evade a job or responsibility by delegating it to someone else.’ Hence, the phrase ‘the buck stops here’ implies that one will accept a responsibility rather than passing it on. It served as a particularly apt motto for Truman's very personal, no-nonsense approach to the presidency. Dear Editor: Can you tell me about the word ‘asunder,’ as in ‘what G-d has brought together, let no one put asunder’? I understand what it means, but I don't think I've ever heard it in any context other than wedding ceremonies. —C.O., Taos, N.M. Dear C.O: Many people know the word ‘asunder’ from the familiar biblical passage ‘What therefore G-d hath joined together, let not man put asunder’. But it is not limited to that context. ‘Asunder’ is an adverb meaning ‘into parts’ and ‘apart from each other in position.’ It can be found fairly often in contemporary writing to describe various types of divisions or separations, as in ‘a nation torn asunder by civil war’ or ‘a family ripped asunder by divorce.’ ‘Asunder’ stems from the verb ‘sunder,’ which means ‘to break apart or in two, to separate by or as if by violence or by intervening time or space.’ Every weekday JewishWorldReview.com publishes what many in in the media and Washington consider "must-reading". Sign up for the daily JWR update. It's free. Just click here. Readers may send questions to Merriam-Webster column, P.O. Box 281, 47 Federal St., Springfield, Mass. 01102. Comment by clicking here. Archives © 2005 Merriam-Webster Inc. Distributed by Knight Ridder/Tribune Information Services

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